Perhaps you recognize this little play on a catchphrase from the beloved film, “The Princess Bride?” The phrase “Judge not,” from Matthew 7:1, is at once one of the most quoted and abused verses in the Holy Scriptures. It’s an effective mouth-stopper when the mouth you wish to stop is claiming that some behavior or another is contrary to God’s Word and Commandments and therefore sinful. “Judge not!” is to say, “Shut up! You’re not supposed to judge anyone but yourself.”
But is that Jesus’ meaning? No, it is not. Context makes this clear as Jesus goes on to speak of “specks” and “logs” in our eyes, and how rightly to remove them: “Why do you see the speck that is in your brother’s eye, but do not notice the log that is in your own eye?” (Matthew 7:3). Both “speck” and “log” are metaphors for sin, the point being we are all sinners deserving judgment (Romans 3:10, 23).
The Greek word krino translated as “judge” in this passage can mean “to judge,” “to condemn,” or “to discern,” three related, but distinct, nuances in meaning. The context makes it clear that Jesus means “condemn not,” which is to say, don’t write anyone off as a lost cause or beyond forgiveness. Jesus elucidates this by saying, “First take the log out of your own eye, and then you will see clearly to take the speck out of your brother’s eye” (Matthew 7:5). Jesus does not say that we should ignore or fail to notice the speck in our brother’s eye, and He most definitely does not say that we should affirm or bless it, but rather that we should help our brother to remove the speck that is in his eye. To do that, however, we must first acknowledge and confess the logs in our own eyes, our own sin, repent, and receive forgiveness, and so have that log removed. To recognize and call out a brother’s sin, therefore, is not to judge and condemn him, but it is to love and to help him so that he does not suffer harm or harm others, but this must be done in selfless humility, repentance, and love.
Someone will object, “Who can judge what is sin and sinful behavior?” Apart from the Holy Scriptures, the Word of God, there is no such authority, and the word sin is meaningless. But the Word of God is the authority, and the Ten Commandments are the Law, rule, measure, and standard over us all. Jesus did not come to abolish the Law, but to fulfill it (Matthew 5:17). Indeed, the Law still stands as Jesus makes clear in the Sermon on the Mount (Matthew 5:21-22; 27-28). When something is fulfilled, it has not been abolished, but it has been changed. Jesus has fulfilled the Law; The Law is still there, but our relationship to it has changed. No longer need we obey it out of compulsion and fear of punishment, but we may obey the Law freely and without fear, even when we fail, out of love for Jesus and God our Father, and out of love for one another redeemed and forgiven by God in Jesus Christ. Yes, we may obey it freely and without fear when we fail and sin, for we have a loving Savior who has fulfilled the Law for us and has taken its condemnation and punishment upon Himself.
This is good news for sinners; this is the Gospel. But specks and logs must be removed. It will do no good to ignore them or to pretend they are not a problem. Jesus came to call, not the righteous, but sinners to repentance (Luke 5:32). Sin isn’t something to be proud of, but to repent of. The good news is that sin is forgiven in Jesus for those who trust in Him, love His Word and Commandments, and strive to live accordingly. No, we are not to judge and condemn our brother, for we are forgiven sinners too, but forgiven sinners are to so love their brother that they do not leave them in their sin but exhort them to repent and receive forgiveness in Jesus.
Rev. Jon M. Ellingworth, Pastor
St. John Evangelical Lutheran Church – Waverly, IA
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